Hormone fluctuations are a natural part of every woman’s life. When balanced, hormones help regulate body functions, transmit vital messages through the bloodstream and provide essential tools during childbearing stages. However, a disruption in this balance can lead to a range of physical, mental and emotional symptoms, causing women to feel overwhelmed and uncentered. Fortunately, lifestyles changes, professional guidance and emotional support can help women achieve hormonal balance, manage their symptoms and embrace each stage of life with confidence and self-assurance.

 

Understanding the Hormonal Stages 

Lorraine Maita, a New Jersey-based functional and integrative doctor specializing in bioidentical hormone replacement therapy and founder of The Feel Good Again Institute, categorizes a woman’s hormonal stages as puberty, postpartum, perimenopause and postmenopause. “Each stage has its own unique characteristics and symptoms that women should be aware of,” she declares. “Because hormones affect mood, weight and energy, women must be prepared to balance their hormones as they ride these waves.”

Hormones surge during puberty and decline during perimenopause, and both phases have similar symptoms. “During these stages, it’s easy to make estrogen, but not easy to ovulate,” Maita says. “Your body is experiencing estrogen dominance, which can cause a number of symptoms including anxiety, irritability, impatience, insomnia, growth of the breasts, tender breasts, growth of the uterine lining, mood swings, spotting, and heavy, skipped or irregular periods.”

She explains that progesterone is needed to balance the symptoms of estrogen dominance. “Estrogen is the hormone of energy and growth, and progesterone is the hormone of peace and calm. Whether estrogen is high, normal or low, if you don’t have enough progesterone to balance it, you may have some or all of these symptoms.”

In the postpartum stage, hormone levels that were high during pregnancy decrease significantly after giving birth. “A lot of women get postpartum depression after they have a baby,” Maita points out. “Prolactin levels increase while they’re breastfeeding and shift hormone balance, which can leave women feeling drained and anxious. Maternal demands, social isolation and general stress on the body can also contribute to depression.”

In menopause, both estrogen and progesterone levels drop, leading to a permanent cessation of the menstrual cycle and infertility. “Menopause can trigger a number of physical and emotional changes,” Maita remarks. “Women typically feel tired and irritable, gain weight, have trouble sleeping, struggle with poor memory and experience vaginal dryness. Some people can get neurological symptoms such as creepy crawly feelings. The microbiome changes, which can cause gas and bloating. A number of women experience depression and anxiety.”

 

Regaining Balance

Although hormonal changes can feel overwhelming, Maita believes that women can regain control by adopting a combination of lifestyle modifications and seeking medical guidance.

“Eating a fiber-rich diet keeps your bowels moving, flushes out toxins and helps to remove excess estrogen,” she explains. “If you’re not moving your bowels, you’re sitting on toxic waste that will get reabsorbed into the system. I recommend loading up on cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, kale, radishes and Brussels sprouts.”

Maita advises against exposure to pesticides, plastics and other chemicals in personal care and cleaning products, noting that these toxic substances mimic estrogen and exacerbate hormone swings. Cleaner alternatives can be found by visiting the Environmental Working Group’s Skin Deep database at EWG.org/skindeep.

Supplements can also help to minimize symptoms of hormone imbalance. Maita emphasizes that while lifestyle modifications should be prioritized, she will incorporate herbs into a patient’s treatment plan. “Chaste berry aids with ovulation in younger people, and black cohosh can help with hot flashes and mood. Magnesium is beneficial at any stage. It’s relaxing, can relieve muscle tension and headaches, and calms the nervous system. Melatonin is a very good antioxidant that can help with sleep, which is extremely important. Setting a soothing bedtime routine with lower light, while avoiding food and vigorous exercise, will help the body’s natural circadian rhythm,” she says.

Addressing symptoms before they become troublesome can significantly enhance women’s overall well-being. As explained by Anna Cabeca, a Dallas-based, triple-board-certified obstetrician-gynecologist, “Hormone imbalance can happen at any point, and we don’t want to wait for symptoms to cause unnecessary discomfort. Decreasing inflammation, improving insulin sensitivity and supporting healthy detoxification on a regular basis can set us up to better manage changes when they do occur.”

Stress, environmental factors and ovarian decline can contribute to hormone imbalances. Cabeca advises that managing cortisol levels by increasing oxytocin is a crucial starting point. “If you’re just addressing the reproductive hormones and not looking higher up, you have a problem,” she says. “In the hierarchy of hormones, oxytocin is the most powerful. It’s a regenerative hormone that alkalizes the body, where cortisol is acidifying. Oxytocin is the hormone of longevity and has been shown to improve the immune system and increase muscle cell regeneration.”

Increasing oxytocin is more potent and effective than decreasing cortisol. Cabeca recommends a shift in perspective toward positivity rather than negativity, saying, “I encourage patients to do things that give them a spiritual lift and reflect on what playtime looks like for them. Getting out in nature, laughing, kissing, positive touch, playing with pets and spending time with good company and community can all boost oxytocin and produce those feel-good chemicals.”

 

Alleviating Emotional Effects

While physical fluctuations may be the most noticeable, hormonal changes can also impact a woman’s mental and emotional well-being. According to Amy Wasserman, a psychiatric advanced practice nurse at Flourish Counseling & Wellness, in Chicago, “Variability in hormones plays a role in the synthesis of neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine and GABA [gamma-aminobutyric acid]. So, when there are hormonal fluctuations, we are more likely to experience cognitive effects, which can manifest with various symptoms, including increased anxiety, sleep disturbances, panic attacks, irritability, sensitivity, depressed mood, low self-esteem, intrusive thinking and even suicidal ideation.”

Observing symptoms is a crucial first step to reducing their impact. Wasserman suggests journaling about patterns of physical and cognitive effects to enhance awareness of specific triggers. “Ask yourself, ‘What are the lifestyle or behavioral things I can modify to improve how I am feeling? What are techniques that have worked in the past?’” she proposes. “Physical movement, stretching and weight-bearing exercises are all essential for managing symptoms, particularly during the midlife transition when estrogen levels decline. Self-care is not just an option, but a necessity to ensure balanced mental health.”

Women can also find support and a sense of community by reaching out to others, which can often be free or low-cost. The Menopause Society recommends that employers provide support to perimenopausal women by providing more flexible work hours and forming affinity groups to foster more open communication among colleagues. “Support groups can provide a sense of normalcy and validation,” says Wasserman. “Participants often feel more hopeful about the future as they hear stories of resilience, receive positive feedback and learn first-hand about various treatment options. The International Association for Premenstrual Disordersoffers free support groups, and Postpartum Support International offers more than 50 free virtual support groups throughout the month.”

There is no shame in asking for professional help to manage disruptive mental health symptoms. “Therapy has been proven to be as effective as medication for treating many mental health conditions. Cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, and acceptance and commitment therapy can all help manage symptoms during reproductive changes. Depending on the individual’s history and the nature of their symptoms, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, dialectical behavioral therapy, and exposure and response prevention may also be beneficial,” Wasserman says.

 

Incorporating New Lifestyle Choices

Prioritizing sleep and embracing acceptance can also help ease hormonal transitions. “Restful sleep can significantly enhance mood and allow a woman to cope with changes she may feel she has little control over,” says Wasserman. “I encourage patients to practice mindfulness to acknowledge and accept the physical and cognitive changes, surrender to things out of their control and try to welcome peace and self-kindness with messages such as, ‘I meet this moment with grace’ or ‘I choose peace over perfection.’”

Maita notes that mindfulness and gratitude can help shift our overall well-being. “Gratitude has very powerful effects on calming the nervous system, which can help your immune and hormone systems. I love a technique called HeartMath, which is deep belly breathing while focusing on your heart and on someone, a place or something that you are deeply grateful for. We want to be in a calm state to weather these storms,” she advises.

Cabeca proposes that these life transitions are natural and serve as catalysts for spiritual growth and renewed purpose. “Instead of menopause, the Japanese use the term konenki, which translates to ‘second spring’. It’s a rebirth, not a disease,” she says. “We are energetic bodies, and that energy is best celebrated with grace and humor.”

 

Carrie Jackson is a Chicago-based freelance writer and frequent contributor to Natural Awakenings. Connect at CarrieJacksonWrites.com.

 

 

Ten Minute Pick-Me-Up

With busy schedules and demands for their time coming from every direction, women often struggle to prioritize their own well-being. Anna Cabeca, a triple-board-certified obstetrician-gynecologist, says that dedicating just 10 minutes in the morning for self-care and gratitude can shift our physiology for the entire day. Here are her top recommendations.

• Gratitude, laughter and love are three quick ways to get an oxytocin dose in the morning. Before getting out of bed, identify something you are grateful for, somewhere you saw love the day before and something that made you laugh.
  
  
• Hydration is crucial for overall well-being. Keep a glass bottle of water by the bed. Additionally, begin each day with an alkalizing beverage such as mineral water or juices containing citric acid like lemon, lime and orange to reduce acidity and inflammation.
  
  
• Movement can diminish stress and help you find balance and positivity. Get outside and do an activity you enjoy like walking, stretching or dancing, even for a few minutes.

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